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Open live demoERP for the GCC: three-decimal currencies, VAT rates and rounding
Six countries, six currencies, four different tax positions. This guide explains why the Omani rial and the Kuwaiti and Bahraini dinars need three decimals, how rounding works when a document and the ledger use different currencies, and which GCC countries have VAT.
Screenshot from the Zeyto demo company, with sample data.
Subunits
Which currencies use two decimals and which use three
Most currencies divide into 100 subunits. Three GCC currencies divide into 1,000.
- AED, SAR, QARThe UAE dirham, Saudi riyal and Qatari riyal divide into 100 subunits, so amounts carry 2 decimals.
- OMRThe Omani rial divides into 1,000 baisa. OMR 12.500 is twelve rials and 500 baisa.
- KWD and BHDThe Kuwaiti and Bahraini dinars divide into 1,000 fils, so amounts carry 3 decimals.
Rounding
Two precisions at once
In Zeyto each currency has a subunit ratio (100, 1000, 10 or 1) and decimals (0 to 3), and the decimals must match the ratio. This is real precision, not appearance: invoice lines and VAT in the currency are rounded to that many places on documents you post from now on, and posted amounts never change.
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The document face rounds to the document currency's decimals and the books round to the base currency's decimals. They are independent. A Dubai company invoicing a Kuwaiti customer in KWD writes the invoice at 3 decimals and the ledger at 2. A Kuwait City company writes both at 3. Rounding is half-up, applied after the multiplication. For example, an invoice of KWD 1,250.500 at an assumed rate of 11.9500 AED per KWD gives 14,943.475, which rounds half-up to AED 14,943.48. The customer sees KWD 1,250.500 and the ledger holds AED 14,943.48. These rates are for practice only; always use the current rate.
Tax by country
VAT in the six GCC states
Standard rates as published by each tax authority. Rates can change, so check the local authority before relying on a figure. Reviewed 8 November 2026.
- UAE: 5%Administered by the Federal Tax Authority. Zeyto's tax screens, VAT 201 worksheet and TRN rules follow UAE rules.
- Saudi Arabia: 15%Raised from 5% in July 2020 and administered by ZATCA. ZATCA e-invoicing integration is planned and not released in Zeyto yet.
- Oman: 5%Introduced in April 2021 and administered by the Oman Tax Authority. Amounts carry three decimals.
- Bahrain: 10%Raised from 5% in January 2022 and administered by the National Bureau for Revenue. Amounts carry three decimals.
- Qatar: no VATQatar signed the GCC VAT framework but has not introduced VAT, so documents carry no tax line.
- Kuwait: no VATKuwait has also not introduced VAT. A Kuwaiti business keeps books in KWD with three decimals.
In practice
VAT country versus no-VAT country
In a VAT country every taxable sale carries output VAT, every purchase carries recoverable input VAT, and the difference is settled with the tax authority each period. In a no-VAT country, invoices carry no tax line and there is no VAT account movement: sales, purchases and stock work exactly as before, with totals equal to net amounts.
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Goods sold for 1,000 net show a total of AED 1,050 in the UAE (VAT 50), a total of BHD 1,100.000 in Bahrain (VAT 100.000) and a total of KWD 1,000.000 in Kuwait with no VAT line. A VAT code with a different rate does not make a Zeyto return valid for another country, because the VAT return, Corporate Tax and e-invoicing screens follow UAE rules. File non-UAE returns in the format your authority requires.
Before you start
A short checklist for a multi-country business
- Set the Country in the Company Profile first; it fills the base currency while the base still holds the previous country's currency
- Check that printed documents and receipts show three decimals for OMR, KWD and BHD before you rely on them
- Enter the current exchange rate for every foreign-currency document, and record where it came from
- Keep one company per legal entity, and branches inside it where one set of books applies
- Confirm each country's return format with its tax authority
Country demos are separate installations The live demos for the GCC markets each run on their own database. Qatar, Oman, Kuwait and Bahrain currently run the global build configured for that market, and Saudi Arabia has a dedicated edition. See the demos page to open the market you need. This page is general information, not tax or legal advice, and was last reviewed on 8 November 2026.
Go deeper
Go deeper
Lessons and market pages.
Related guides and pages
- QatarZeyto is an offline-capable ERP for Qatar: invoicing, POS, inventory and accounting in QAR, running on your own PC.
- Saudi ArabiaOffline-capable ERP for Saudi Arabia: invoicing, POS, inventory and accounting in SAR with 15% VAT on your own PC.
- OmanZeyto is an offline-capable ERP for Oman: invoicing, POS, inventory and accounting in OMR, with 5% VAT.
- KuwaitZeyto is an offline-capable ERP for Kuwait: invoicing, POS, inventory and accounting in KWD, running on your own PC.
- BahrainZeyto is an offline-capable ERP for Bahrain: invoicing, POS, inventory and accounting in BHD, with 10% VAT.
- Live demosTry Zeyto in your own market: six live demos (Global, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain).
Buying guides
- ERP Software UAEOffline-capable ERP for UAE businesses: sales, purchase, POS, inventory, accounting, UAE VAT and reports on your own server.
- Trading ERP UAEZeyto ERP for UAE trading companies: quotations, sales orders, purchase, GRN, landed cost, inventory, VAT, receivables.
- VAT POS DubaiZeyto POS for Dubai retail and service counters: VAT invoices, barcode billing, returns, refunds, day-end cash closing.
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FAQ
Straight answers
Which GCC currencies have three decimals?
The Omani rial (1,000 baisa), the Kuwaiti dinar and the Bahraini dinar (1,000 fils each). The UAE dirham, Saudi riyal and Qatari riyal have two decimals.
Which GCC countries have VAT?
The UAE at 5%, Saudi Arabia at 15%, Oman at 5% and Bahrain at 10%. Qatar and Kuwait have not introduced VAT. Check each tax authority for current rates.
Can a Dubai company invoice in KWD?
Yes. The invoice is written at 3 decimals in KWD and the ledger at 2 decimals in AED, with half-up rounding after multiplying by the exchange rate.
Does Zeyto file Saudi or Omani VAT returns?
No. The VAT return screens follow UAE rules. A VAT code with a different rate does not make a Zeyto return valid for another country, so file in the format your authority requires.
Is ZATCA e-invoicing supported?
Not yet. ZATCA e-invoicing integration is planned and not released, so we do not claim ZATCA compliance.
Open the demo for your market
Each GCC demo has its own currency and database.